Tourangeau & Yan 2007 — social-desirability misreporting is common and situational

Claim: Tourangeau & Yan (2007, Psychological Bulletin, "Sensitive Questions in Surveys") review shows misreporting on sensitive topics "is quite common and largely situational" — respondents over-report desirable behaviors (voting) and under-report undesirable ones. Self-administration (as in a web widget) reduces but does not eliminate this.

Source: Tourangeau & Yan 2007, Psychological Bulletin. Peer-reviewed review.

Confidence: Verified.

Why this matters for Candid: The widget runs on the web, which is the lowest-pressure mode for sensitive disclosure — but "do you respond to reviews?", "how often do you publish content?", and "do you have an SEO process?" still carry social-desirability pull. Frame these as observable counts ("how many reviews have you replied to in the last 30 days?") to reduce wiggle room.