{"id":125,"slug":"quebec-law-25-data-portability-sept-2024","title":"Quebec Law 25: data portability effective Sept 22, 2024; penalties up to C$25M / 4% of worldwide turnover","kind":"reference","scope":"business","status":"current","audiences":["kevin","claude-code","candid-team"],"topics":["data-portability","regulatory-compliance"],"reference_body":"**Claim:** **Quebec Law 25** right to data portability became effective **September 22, 2024**. The Quebec government recommends **CSV / XML / JSON** as portable formats and advises *against* PDFs, images, or proprietary formats.\n\n**Penalties:**\n- **Administrative monetary penalties:** up to **C$10M or 2% of worldwide turnover** (whichever is greater)\n- **Penal fines:** up to **C$25M or 4% of worldwide turnover**\n\n**Sources:** Osler privacy guide 2024; Alation Law 25 overview; BLG legal analysis.\n\n**Confidence:** Verified.\n\n**Implication for Candid clients in Quebec:** A Quebec SMB has stronger portability rights than an Ontario SMB does — until federal Bill C-15 (see [[bill-c-15-canada-pipeda-mobility-2025]]) catches up. Worth knowing for any client with QC customers or operations.","rationale_body":null,"metadata":null,"links":{"outgoing":[{"slug":"gdpr-article-20-portability-narrow","title":"GDPR Article 20: portability is narrow — only user-provided data, only under consent/contract, excludes derived data","kind":"reference","scope":"business","link_type":"relates-to"}],"incoming":[{"slug":"bill-c-15-canada-pipeda-mobility-2025","title":"Canadian Bill C-15 (tabled Nov 4, 2025) — proposes data-mobility framework for federal PIPEDA","kind":"reference","scope":"business","link_type":"relates-to"},{"slug":"research-brief-owning-your-stack","title":"Research brief: Owning your stack — why agency-managed platforms cost more than they save (piece 4 of 15)","kind":"reference","scope":"business","link_type":"relates-to"},{"slug":"eu-accessibility-act-enforcement-june-2025","title":"European Accessibility Act enforcement began June 28, 2025 — penalties up to €100k (Germany), 4-5% revenue (France/Italy)","kind":"reference","scope":"business","link_type":"relates-to"},{"slug":"quebec-law-25-sept-2024-data-portability-c25m-fines","title":"Quebec Law 25 (fully in force Sept 22, 2024): data portability + fines up to C$25M / 4% of worldwide turnover","kind":"reference","scope":"business","link_type":"relates-to"}]},"created_at":"2026-05-22T19:17:26.845Z","updated_at":"2026-05-22T19:17:26.845Z"}